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BlackChampagne -- no longer new; improvement also in question.: Arbitrary Plagiarism Definitions



Saturday, December 30, 2006  

Arbitrary Plagiarism Definitions


Some random surfing a few days ago took me to Wikipedia, where I ended up reading about Kaavya Viswanathan, 18th century Hindu mystic. No, actually Kaavya is a woman alive today. She's the 19 y/o Harvard student who was busted last year for plagiarizing big chunks of other young adult chick lit books into her young adult chick lit book. To quote Wikipedia on the pertinent details:
In April 2006, Kaavya's first novel, How Opal Mehta Got Kissed, Got Wild and Got a Life, was published. Shortly after publication, the Harvard Crimson printed allegations that the author plagiarized passages from two novels by Megan McCafferty. The subsequent storm of national publicity led her publisher, Little, Brown and Company, to withdraw all editions of the book, derailed plans by DreamWorks SKG to develop Opal Mehta into a movie, and encouraged readers to identify possible additional plagiarism within its pages.

On May 2, 2006, Michael Pietsch, Little, Brown's senior vice president, released a statement saying "Little, Brown and Company will not be publishing a revised edition of How Opal Mehta Got Kissed, Got Wild, and Got a Life by Kaavya Viswanathan, nor will we publish the second book under contract
She was given a two-book advance of around $500,000, had already sold the film rights, and she was still in her teens and just starting college. And now it's all gone; her literary career ruined -- probably forever. Besides the obvious lesson that you should not plagiarize, especially not from popular, contemporary books in your own genre, this case has lessons for us all.

Or not. Who wants to learn over Xmas holiday anyway? What I find interesting is that she plagiarized, and in fiction, and in stupid, minor ways. The Wikipedia page has side by side comparisons of stuff she lifted from various books, and what makes my head hurt is how unnecessary it was. She didn't steal a plot or a character or anything major that her book needed to work. Kaavya can write just fine; and she did so. What she stole were small descriptive paragraphs that added spice and sparkle, but that were not integral to her novel. She didn't need to steal to make her story work! She's like a successful lawyer getting arrested for shoplifting at Wal-Mart. Or perhaps a bank robber stopping to pick up a penny on his way to the getaway vehicle.

I can't condone it, but I can understand plagiarism in academic work, where (for people who can't write) you're quoting all the time and it could be tempting to kind of "forget" to quote or blockquote something once a in a while, or to lift a clever turn of phrase and use it as though you invented it. Plus, in essays and reports your main theme is almost always duplicating something someone else has already done, directly or indirectly. There are no original ideas in that area, when 40,000,000 other students have already tried their hand at analyzing the ironies inherent in Romeo and Juliet, or the metaphors in the Iliad, or whatever.

But in fiction? I don't understand it there. Why steal when you can just make up something different? And even if you can't make up anything new, you can reuse major themes and archetypes, ala Eragon or The Elfstones of Shannara. It's almost impossible to get in plagiarizing trouble that way, which is pretty stupid, when you think about it. You can even take existing characters and write your own take on them -- witness the ongoing Sherlock Holmes stories set all over the world, and even in other times. Witness the League of Extraordinary Gentlemen style of taking fictional characters and throwing them together in new adventures. Kaavya could probably have written a novel called Fridget Bones' Live Journal with 90% of the same features of Helen Fielding's novel, and that would have been fine, as an homage. But she didn't.

Instead, Kaavya wrote an original novel (well, as original as they get while following the chick lit template) and lifted a bunch of random details. She tried to sneak through a minor character who loves her pink rhinestone Playboy tank top, and a character who wears shirts with the names of the days of the week on them, and got busted, since those were distinctive elements in other chick lit books. It all seems so pointless and stupid. Not just her destroying her young career, but the way plagiarism is enforced. Cut and paste a few sentences that are irrelevant to your work as a whole -- you're skinned alive. Essentially rewrite Lord of the Rings with (barely) new character names -- launch a best selling fantasy series. Who makes up these rules anyway? Why is stealing a paragraph or two verbatim worse than the content/theme/characters of an entire book?

At any rate, I'd love to talk with Kaavya or read an interview in which she really got into it. Why did she steal such dumb stuff? Was there a compulsion? Did she just loved those few small details so much that she couldn't bear to complete her book without including them? I think she's gone into seclusion and isn't talking about it anymore, and I don't know if she ever admitted to the stealing she's been publicly condemned of, but perhaps she can use that for her comeback book after college. Or not.

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Comments:

Back in my first year of college, my English 101 prof mentioned the importance of original work and how hardcore the punishments are for plagiarists. A student questioned his definition; "If we forget to put quotes in the correct place because of a typo, do we get expelled?"

Our professor explained; a simple "typo" situation is a mistake, and true plagiarism is intentionally stealing someone's work and calling it your own. If this author took the words out as written, then I can't say she didn't screw up, but if she rephrased the passages and borrowed the ideas, there's no way she should be punished for it, since as you said, stuff like that happens all the time.

In the academic (undergrad) world, there's also a sub-clause of plagiarism; self-plagiarism. Handing in an assignment you did two years ago for your midterm is grounds for failing a course, though that's a professor's discretionary thing.


 

Oh, she definitely plagiarized; there are numerous side by side examples on the wikipedia page I quoted from, and her publishers were satisfied enough that she did to cancel her book and remainder all copies, which must have left them out some hundreds of thousands of dollars.

My pondering point was more about why what she did is considered such sinful plagiarism, while authors who write what are essentially cover-novels aren't penalized or held accountable. It's a plagiarizing sin to "forget" quotations or reuse characters or actions that are obviously derivative, which is what the author in question did. Yet honestly, isn't that less of a sin than writing an entire novel that basically uses LoTR, or Star Wars, or other fantasy classics as a template?

It's just funny how the rules work. If you take a paragraph straight out of LotR depicting Gandal blowing smoke rings or whatever, people will notice and you'll be pilloried for plagiarism. But if you write an entire fantasy series where young, small humanoids are guided by a wise, semi-kindly, mysterious, powerful, immortal wizard, that's fine. Thus does the magic of archetypal characters trump the nit picking details of some minor character's clothing.

And yes, I say this as a man working to market a novel that began life as Diablo II fan fiction. *cough*


 

I wonder if that means her book will become a collector's item, particularly a 1st edition?


 

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